Chain Management includes integrated enterprise activities between multiple Supply Chain partners, which are connected by the flow of goods and information from the supplier of raw materials to end users. Partners can be suppliers, logistics service providers, end customers or manufacturers. The terms Supply Chain Management and logistics are often used synonymously. Both subject areas aim to establish a chain of processes (goods, information, value) while increasing efficiency (customer benefits) and effectiveness (cost-benefit ratio). Supply Chain Management is based, unlike logistics, on the entire institution, that is, all areas of the company are involved in the manufacturing process.
Brief description
The origins of Supply Chain Management can be traced back to America in the early 1980s, where Michael E. Porter began working on the manufacturing chain with integrated various activities of a company. Consulting firms through strategies like Just-in-Time, KANBAN and Lean Production achieved cost reductions in manufacturing. New opportunities were sought to maximize profits and Supply Chain Management was discovered as one effective method. In Europe, Supply Chain Management only began to be used in the mid-1990s.
Z biegiem czasu stworzono różne koncepcje SCM, ustalające przepływy materiałów i informacji, które stwarzają łańcuchy dostaw zoptymalizowane czasowo i pod względem kosztów. Różne koncepcje SCM różnią się od siebie w ich podstawowych założeniach i ich założeniach branżowych. Najważniejsze sterowane procesowo koncepcje SCM to „Just-In-Time” i „Quick Response”. Celem nowych koncepcji SCM jest zorientowana na Win-win optymalizacja łańcucha dostaw.
The following should be mentioned as trends of the coming years :
- Globalization versus regionalization
- Increase in customer focus
- Availability of resources
- Co-op
- Service orientation
- Communication and information technologies
Tasks and objectives
- Reducing resources
- Reducing run times
- Cost reduction
- Improving service quality, that is, customer focus
- Faster response to market changes
- Team orientation
- Faster communication
- Tailor product design for logistical requirements
- Creating and targeting a network
- Increase the success of the enterprises involved
Features and requirements
- Supply Chain Enabler build the foundation of Supply Chain Management and enable you to put in place strategies and carry out processes
- Supply Chain processes represent transactions between trading partners through information and material channels. The exchange of information is triggered by customers, and the effective provision of goods is triggered by the corresponding supplier.
- The Supply Chain strategy formulates the commercial objectives, markets and products selected, and establishes the relevant information infrastructures. Supporting the strategy takes place through the processes, form of organization and technologies used.
- The ability to measure the processes, activities and achievements of Supply Chain Management is provided by Supply Chain Management Controlling. Measurability is expressed in the form of Supply Chain indicators.
Application
Supply Chain Management is supported by the following concepts and terms:
- Just-In-Time
- KANBAN
- Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) used in trade and the consumer goods industry to rationalize processes. The tools are:
– technologie, jak na przykład kody kreskowe
– procesy logistyczne jak Cross-Docking i Vendor Managed Inventory
– zorientowany na marketing Category Management
– nadrzędny process planowania CPFR (= Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment)
- Cross-industry SCOR-Modell (Supply-Chain Operations Reference Model) from large enterprises to facilitate communication between enterprises through a unified concept in Supply-Chain structures and processes.
- ERP II systems, also referred to as Advanced Planning Option (APO), take over the operational planning and control of Supply-Chain activities in large electronic markets.
RELATED TERMS
- CPFR
- ECR - Efficient Consumer Response
- JIT - Just In Time
- KANBAN
- VMI - Vendor Managed Inventory
- Logistics management
- Logistics
- SCOR - Supply Chain Operations Reference
- Cross Docking
- ERP
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